How does Great Expectations Reflect the Victorian Era?

How does Great Expectations Reflect the Victorian Era? Then, Pip becomes a gentleman, he assumes that great expectations mean that he may no longer be content with the good things he already has. When Mr. Joe visits Pip in London, Pip looks down on Mr. Joe and thinks that he does not fit to his new environment anymore. Pip thinks to himself, Not with pleasure, though I was bound to him by so many ties; no; with considerable disturbance†¦ If I could have kept him away by paying money, I certainly would have paid money (pg.186). Although Joe protected and assisted Pip throughout his childhood and adolescence, Pip was still embarrassed by him. However, in the end he regrets for treating him so rude. After so many disappointments (He was planning to marry Biddy, but she married Mr. Joe. He expected that being a gentleman would provide him a chance to marry Estella, but she married Bentley etc.), he is finally forced to develop some simple and realistic expectations and learns how to be content with the modest living he makes in the mercantile firm. Pip learns that social class is not essential for happiness; that strict designations of good and evil, and even of guilt and innocence, are nearly impossible to maintain in a world that is constantly changing; and that his treatment of his loved ones must be the guiding principle in his life. Great Expectations and Victorian Age Dickens Great Expectations is one of several reflective books of Victorian age. It is a very successful representative of its own time. Written in 1860 and following the story of Pip from childhood to adulthood, the book represents the common Victorian elements like social class difference, industrialization, Victorian houses, Victorian values and women. At the very beginning of the book, we encounter with a typical low-class family. They live in a village among marshes. Mr. Joe is a blacksmith and his wife (the sister of Pip) is a typical Victorian low-class housewife. She sinks under the household duties and always complains about not being able to take off her apron (chapter 1-2). Because of her harsh duties, she is always frustrated and often beats Pip. Then, we encounter with high-class, well-dressed, well-dancing women like Miss Havisham and Estella through the onwards of the book. These two different families are also the first signals of the existence of social classes in the society. On the one hand, Gargery family is a poor, uneducated, living in a village. On the other hand, Miss Havisham lives in a mansion called Satis House. The Pockets house is full of servants. Estella is a young lady who dances well and educated abroad. Also the other women in Pips snobbish life in London represent the typical high-class Victorian women. Having seen the two different lives in early years of his life, Pip wants to shift to the upper class. He expects to become a gentleman who has all the values appreciated by the society in order to have Estella and an upper class lifestyle. Pips early impressions about London remind us the effects of Industrial Revolution and immigration. When he comes to London, he is amazed and displeased with the unbelievable crowd (resulting from immigration for job) and awful smell (coming from sewage due to the factories): I was scared by the intensity of London. I think I might have had some faint doubts whether it was not rather ugly, crooked, narrow, and dirty.'(pg. 138) The gloomy streets of Smithfield disturb him. It is easy to see Victorian architecture and Victorian houses in the book. Satis House, Wemmicks house (like a castle), and other ornamented houses tell us the taste of architecture of those days. It is very sad not to see some of important themes of Victorian era like child labor, prostitution, colonialism etc. in Great Expectations. But, Dickens uses colonialism in Great Expectations as a narrative device. A transported convict exactly meets the need for a benefactor who can make a substantial fortune yet who has to remain anonymous, and of whom Pip will eventually be ashamed. The capital law against returning from transportation sharpens the impact of the later chapters, when Pip sheds his pretensions as well as his wealth. Thus Dickens, like so many Victorian authors who used the colonies as places to transfer burned-out characters or from which to retrieve characters, uses this aspect of colonialism as the dramatic cornerstone for his novel. (Jonah Raskin in The Mythology of Imperialism (New York:Random House,1971)) In other words, colonialism is used not as a theme but a narrative device in Great Expectations. Also, Dickens used the other themes mentioned above in his other works. For example, Oliver Twist child labor, destitution etc.

Motivation Paper – Organization Behavior

The subject of human motivation is quite complicated for a number of reasons. Firstly, humans mature more slowly than any other organisms on this planet, and for this, the motivational tendencies are acquired more slowly too. Secondly, the individual is dependent on many of his fundamental satisfactions on other people; this is illustrated on his/her use of symbolic language to communicate these needs to others. Motivation is defined as the concept that represents the fundamental influence that drives behavior and providing its direction (Morris et al., 1999, p 284).In organizational behavior the principles in the study of behavior, especially on motivational theories, are applied in the workplace. Such theories help explain what motivates people in their attitudes toward work, their employers and other aspects of employment in general. One major motivational model or theory more often used in organizations and industries is the theory by Abraham Maslow. More prominently called as th e hierarchy of needs, this theory explains an individual’s needs on different levels.On the theory, Maslow defines basic or fundamental needs as the individual’s biological needs like hunger, thirst and rest. Maslow believes that on this basic level lies the â€Å"evolution† of the other so-called â€Å"higher† needs. If the lower levels are not satisfied, the implications mean the individual cannot or will not move onto the higher levels (Morris et al., 1999, p.302).   Maslow’s theory became a phenomenal one especially in industry because of its humanistic desirability; they seemed significant to people. It helps clarify why some work incentives are not effective for some people and situations. And managers in work settings can implement interventions in their workplaces based on their understanding of human behavior according to the hierarchy of needs (Berry, 2002, p. 240).Figure 1.1 The following pyramid diagram illustrates Maslow’s hie rarchical levels where the â€Å"more basic needs must be largely satisfied before higher motives can emerge.† Morris et al. 1999 in A.H.Maslow. Copyright Ó1954 by Harper & Row.Application4D industries’ top management has emphasized productivity as its top priority but where quality of service and loyalty to the company are not to be compromised. However, the company wanted a clear cut procedure on how this will be carried out. The services of OAKZ consultancy was asked to address 4D’s concerns. OAKZ consultancy drew a blueprint with an initial focus on 4D’s administrative staff. The rationale: 4D’s administrative staff has the direct supervision on the company’s production.They also become the top management’s echo or voice regarding company policies and direction; hence, the administrative staff’s critical role in the sales and production or rank and file workers’ output. When the staff doesn’t perform to th eir utmost, this has a domino effect on the whole workforce. This was further enlightened by OAKZ’ consultancy leadership. After a survey from all levels to look into concerns or problems that plague the company, the OD (Organization Development) consultant gave the following recommendations.Since 4D (population 780 inclusive of -rank & file and middle management/administrative staff) is quite huge by rural/county standards, the company has tried to make their interventions as much as possible on a collective manner rather than on an individual set-up. Motivating the 150 administrative staff members to function to their utmost includes 1.) Looking into their status in the company, whether how many are probationary, casuals, contractuals, and permanent,   to determine the extra incentives they will be receiving; 2.) What privileges and perks have they received as a collective group and as individuals, so far; 3.)What forms will the incentives take: i.e. cash and/or travel pr ivileges, others; 4.) The measures that 4D will use to be able to assess the effects of the incentives to the individual workers (HR Metrics). The OD consultant from OAKZ pointed out that based on the Maslow model (above), an assumption is made that these staff members will perform better when their first three level needs will be secured and this is done through the following step: the company should start to give away additional compensation in the form of increased salary commensurate to the output (quality time, punctuality, initiative, attitude, and participation in meetings and work discussions, etc.) of staff members. Underlying principle:This addresses the satisfaction of biological needs; Security Needs (can provide for more than food plus how to make the home more safe etc);   and Belongingness Needs (more freedom to enjoy friendships because they can now afford, or fiends will appreciate them because they are no longer dependent on other people).   The second importan t feature of the proposed program or scheme is the rotation basis (will schedule) for staff members (could either be by twos) to attend national and/or international conferences for professional growth according to their specialty or would-be specialty. This addresses their Esteem and Self-actualization needs.Today, with the monitoring and guidance of the OD from OAKZ consultancy, 4D industries have started to implement the long-term program. There is high morale in the workplace and the rank and file and production people are influenced by the contagious self-confidence of the middle management. There are rumors circulating around that the next plan will soon include their numbers.Reference:1.   Berry, Lilly M.1997. Psychology at Work An introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology. 2nd Ed. New York: McGraw Hill.2. Morris, Charles G., and Maisto Albert A., 1999. Understanding Psychology 4th Ed. Prentice Hall. New Jersey.

Want to Know More About Comparison Essay Outline?

Want to Know More About Comparison Essay Outline? Comparison Essay Outline Can Be Fun for Everyone Custom writing means a significant company with high standards. You ought to be attentive with comparison essay format for the reason that it makes the portion of the total result and shows how attentive you're in following your requirements. List the focal points that you should compare in your essay following a particular pattern. You wonder if you were able to just locate an essay for sale online. The Most Popular Comparison Essay Outline Before you begin your comparison paper, the most essential point to think about is the foundation for comparison. Re-read your work and be sure that all is good. A more complicated thesis will often incorporate both similarities and differences. When you receive the title and aspects to compare but without a definite number of criteria to cover similarities and differences, you've got to brainstorm. If you wish to obtain a research pape r, online writing service like ours is precisely what you will need. The software may be used as additional essay help. Evaluation The next step is an easy analysis of everything that you've written down. Welcome to our essay examples section, here you will discover a massive group of example essays demonstrating the standard of work generated by our academic writers. Just following the fundamental guidelines for the essay wouldn't quite help and really isn't the ideal course to select. Getting Started The very first step towards writing a high quality research paper is to organize what's to be written. A comparison essay is among the most problematic forms of writing because of the constant transitions and shifts of the focus. Again, the target of the informal outline is to provide you with a very good idea of how the essay will be organized and developed. Your outline is going to guide the custom-writing. There are far more interesting methods to lead into your topic. The Bad Side of Comparison Essay Outline Put simply, it's a prelude to your conclusion. Following your introduction, state a ll points about your very first subject, and then the second part is going to be a list of points in regards to the other subjects you're comparing. In the event you're provided a topic, your task becomes a little less complicated because, dependent on this, it is simple to find comparable facets. You should present your topic, obviously, and also your thesis statement that has the function of indicating to your readers what is the probable path of the full work. If you're considering writing a lengthier paper, perhaps you'll split this up into five unique paragraphs an introduction, unique facets of the very first subject, similarities between both subjects, unique details of the second subject, and a conclusion. To begin with, it's important to analyze the key points for a single subject and after that go through the exact same steps for other subject. You must research your topic to select three claims. Sometimes, you're expected to choose a topic yourself. The Do's and Don'ts of Comparison Essay Outline It's possible for you to interest books, movies or articles which are discussing exactly the same topic you're likely to approach in your essay. The movie is a combination of interviews, archive footage. So now you understand how to select the best compare and contrast topics and the various segments you require to address when writing. It is possible to write literature review in which you reveal your sources and the way they helped in your discussion. Writing College research papers College courses demand several different sorts of writing that employ a number of strategies for various audiences. You must research the selected topic and discover facts to contradict your first thesis. You see it is an unusual topic which may be quite tricky to imagine or explain, but some students might just turn that topic into a masterpiece. It is tough to study so many subjects at the exact same moment. Students who excel in writing about such complex topic could have an opportunity to be enrolled into a number of the ideal Art universities to come up with their abilities and talent. If you are going to write a comparative essay, you will need to get a notion of the impacts of unique aspects to the result you can get at the conclusion of the writing activity. You only need to order a great essay from experts with the gre atest academic degrees in a number of fields. Vital Pieces of Comparison Essay Outline You might find that starting a compare and contrast essay is simpler than you could have imagined. After the essay requires a large number of approaches to explore, it's important to understand how to organize it correctly in an effort to make sure easy reading. Every good essay starts with a wonderful brainstorm. Writing a compare and contrast essay may be difficult but we can assist you. The very first paragraph of your essay will introduce your topic and offer direction for the whole essay. Exactly like in any essay, in the conclusion of your writing you need to earn an overview of all of the points mentioned in the essay. A descriptive essay is a brief paper that's about describing or summarizing a topic. Much like descriptive essay examples and other types of academic essays, a comparative essay can be produced in various ways.

What Is Self Esteem Essay - 655 Words

What is self-esteem? Self-esteem is a term used in psychology to describe someone’s level of confidence and respect for themselves. Pride, shame and dignity are some of the emotions self-esteem encompasses. In 1943, Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist created the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs; it was composed of physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem and self-actualization, physiological being the most basic needs. He believed that psychological health is not possible unless people accepted, loved and respected you and if you didn’t accept yourself. Self-esteem is influenced massively by a person’s experiences. Positive experiences brings up one’s self-esteem while negative experiences do the opposite. Babies aren’t capable of†¦show more content†¦People with a healthy and positive self-esteem level are confident in who they are, have firm beliefs and trust their own judgment. They can enjoy numerous activities and donâ₠¬â„¢t feel inferior or superior to people around them. They don’t dwell too much on the past and aren’t unnecessarily worried about the future. Having a higher self-esteem increases the capacity to be happy and have richer relationships. Unhealthily high or low self-esteem levels can be both socially and emotionally harmful. If people with inflated self-worth are attacked or challenged, they react in a secure and defensive way. High self-esteem can result in narcissism meaning that the person has difficulty with empathy because has too much love for themselves which makes them arrogant. The word narcissism originated from Narcissus from Greek Mythology. He fell in love with his own reflection. As well as high self-esteem, there is low self-esteem which can result due to many reasons including appearances, mental diseases, security and bullying/peer-pressure. People with low-self esteem find many faults with themselves, whether or not it’s true. They show too muc h eagerness to please and gain other people’s affections and not offend people. They are also envious and jealous of others with traits and possessions they wish to have. They have an air of hostility around them and be irritable without a reason. They rely on other people’s opinions and praise to draw an idea on their worthiness.Show MoreRelatedWhat s On Your Wall : Social Network And Self Esteem1493 Words   |  6 PagesWhat’s On Your Wall: Social Network and Self-Esteem Salina Yang California State University, Chico Abstract This paper explores the articles concerning how social network can influence people’s self-esteem in a positive and negative effect through social disclosures, group identity, and self-perception. Facebook users were the main focus of this issue. 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The question to be answered however is; what is the value and meaning of self-esteem? The trouble with self-esteem is that not everyone approaches it properly, taking a test or doingRead MoreImproving Self Esteem And Live A Better Life1242 Words   |  5 PagesHow to Improve Self Esteem and Live a Better Life By Kassie Lyne | Submitted On March 03, 2012 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest One of the questions psychologists and counselors of all kinds find themselves